How to Use the Book

General

The book before you is the twelfth edition of Davenport’s Art Reference & Price Guide, the world’s leading guide to the art market. For many, it is the first source consulted when beginning the process of determining whether the artist one has discovered may have produced a masterpiece or something more modest; a work of prominence or something less appreciated. For this task, there is no better place to start than Davenport’s; with more than 240,000 entries, it clearly takes the pulse of the art world the way no other source can. With information from Davenport’s as the guide, the reader is equipped to expand the search in directions thus indicated.

The Founding Editor imposed strict criteria for an artist to be listed in the book. The artist must have sold at an auction that produces a catalogue and publishes results, or be included in selected major art reference books. Both sources are a rich cache of detailed information on the artists, and by extracting and summarizing data from thousands of worldwide auction catalogues and art reference books, Davenport’s alphabetic compilation of more than 240,000 artists offers a wealth of data unparalleled anywhere. For those who wish to delve deeper, Davenport’s has pinpointed the next step.

We apologize for the data that “wraps” from one column to the next, and from one page to the next. Because of the sheer amount of data and our customers’ request for a one volume book, it was necessary to disregard the “widows & orphans”. Dashes and small dots act as delimiters for the data fields.

Artist

Entries are grouped alphabetically by the artist's surname, with the artist’s first name, middle name, nicknames, etc., following the surname.

The life span dates, or “birth and death” dates, follow the name. Information is given as is available, and in the case of Old Masters, there is often varying degrees of certainty as to the exact dates. In some cases the century in which the artist worked is given, e.g. “18^th Cent”.

Following the life span dates is the nationality, birthplace, or domicile of the artist. If the artist lived and worked in the United States, the city and state are given.

Subject Matter

An attempt has been made to list the major subjects upon which the artist concentrated in his/her lifetime. The list is endless but includes such major categories as genre, portraits, and landscapes, in addition to more specialized areas like monkeys, eggs, etc.

Price Data

Davenport’s is the beginning point for pricing data, not the final arbiter. It is intended to give the reader an idea as to the relative worth of an artist’s work, with further research almost always needed. Say, for instance, the reader finds a sale price given of $100,000. Clearly the artist’s work is valuable, and much more research is indicated. It doesn’t mean that every like kind work by the artist is worth $100,000. By the same token, if the information gives prices around $100, this would seem to imply that the artist’s work is unlikely to be selling for $100,000. The artwork in question, however, could be worth $5,000. In the art world, as in so many other fields, pricing can be extremely subjective.

One of the editors’ current goals regarding pricing information is to give a representative price for each medium in which the artist worked. Until the most recent edition, the price quoted was intended to be for a large-sized work of high quality for that particular artist (noted in inches). Unfortunately this was sometimes misunderstood, so as entries are updated the emphasis now is on representative prices, with auction price ranges often used.

Other recent entries or updated entries occasionally have included median prices, which take into account that if an artist has sold a number of works in a particular year, and if the sales were sorted by price, the actual sale price that falls in the middle is perhaps more representative. Note that this differs from an average, in that it is less influenced by atypical sales.

In a work listing over 240,000 artists, it would be impossible to update the pricing data in each entry each year and still offer the book at an affordable price. The year in brackets at the end of most entries is intended to be the year that prices were updated for that artist (please see the following section entitled “Updating”). While art prices tend generally upward, the value of many artists’ work varies little from year to year. Using the bracketed date as a chronological starting point, the reader may then choose to extrapolate the price of a work of art, factoring in what is known about the quality of the artist’s work, the condition, subject matter, and the significance of the piece of art that is being evaluated.

While we are constantly updating older pricing data, our readers have indicated that adding new artists is a top priority. We do devote a considerable amount of time to the pricing updates, but since the older data is still very valuable in establishing the starting point for research, they would rather have that starting point for a wider range of artists. We welcome your views on this matter.

If an artist is listed in one of the art reference books cited, but no actual price has been located, then a range of prices is often given (e.g. $300-600) based on the information available on the artist. These prices should be treated with skepticism because of a lack of information. We are updating these price approximations to auction records as quickly as we can. Again, our readers indicate that they would prefer an educated guess as to the range in which the artist’s work would sell than to have no guideline at all. Certainly, if the artist’s price range is say $500-1000, the work in question could sell for $200, or $2,000, or more. We always recommend further research using tools such as the Art Sales Index database, which lists over 2,000,000 auction records.

In Davenport’s we have attempted to provide an example of most major art media, if at all practical. The data is arranged “left to right” for each artist: oil paintings first (no medium is specified), followed by watercolors, tempera, pastels, gouache, drawings, engravings, lithographs, photographs and sculptures.

The prices often are followed by actual auction house sales of that artist’s work. This allows the user to refer to the catalogue in which an example of the artist’s work is included. Please refer to the following section entitled “Auction House and Sale Date” for further information.

In some cases the subject matter is listed after the price (e.g. Portrait), indicating that the price given is for that particular subject matter.

Auction House And Sale Date

A letter code is used to designate most of the auction houses cited in this volume. This code is followed by one or more dates, which indicate the sale dates of that particular auction house which included a work of art by the named artist. For certain older sales dating from the early 1980s, the auction houses’ sale number codes were used instead of the actual date of sale. A list of these sale number codes appears in the back of this book under “Archival Sales, Sale Numbers, and Sale Dates.”

In some cases, primarily for European auction houses, the full auction house name is spelled out in the data section, instead of a code being used. Alternatively, if faced with limited information, only the city or country of sale and the sale date, but not the auction house itself, is given. Finally, for some European artists whose works sell extensively in one locale (like Paris and the Hotel Drouot) and are too numerous to list, the notation in the sales date area might refer to the city only, without a corresponding auction date.

The following are the auction house letter codes and the corresponding auction house. Please note that the house names are given on the date of the corresponding sale. The names may have changed or the house may no longer be in business. For complete details on each auction house, including address, phone and fax number, email and web address, etc., please refer to the International Auction House Directory, published by Gordon’s Art Reference. The codes are:

AB Stockholms Auktionsverk	AB
Agra	AGR
Alderfer Auction Co.	ALD
Allgauer Auktionshaus	ALL
Altermann & Morris	ALT
Amberes	AMB
Amersham Auction Rooms	AAR
Anaf	ANA
Anderson & Garland	AG
Andrew Hartley	AH
Ansorena	ANS
Antoine Ader	ANT
Arcoles	ARCO
Arno Winterberg	ARN
Arnold	ARND
Arthur James	ARJ
Artnet	ART
Auktionhaus Blank	ABL
Auktionhaus Zofingen	AZ
Auktion Burkard	BRK
Auktionhaus Georg Rehm	GR
Australian Art Auctions	AUS
Bairstow Eves	BAI
Bakker-Bocelli	BB
Barridoff Galleries	BAR
Bearnes	BEA
Beijers Auktioner	BJR
Bergman	BERG
Bernaerts	BER
Biddle & Webb	BW
Biders Auction Gallery	BID
Binoche Et Godeau	BIN
Blacke	BK
Blackwood/March	BLA
Blanchet & Joren-Derem	BJD
Blomqvist	BQ
Bob Lang Auctions	LAN
Bolland & Marotz	BM
Bonhams & Brooks	BHB
Bonham & James	BJ
Bonhams & Doyles	BD
Bonhams London	BON
Bonhams, West Country	BWC
Braswell Galleries	BRA
Bristol Auction Rooms	BRI
Bruce Collins Fine Art	COL
Brunk Auction Service	BRU
Bukowskis	BUK
Bukowski & Horhammer, Helsinki	BHH
Burcher Galleries	BG
Butterfields	BF
C.G. Sloan	SL
C.M. Russell Museum	RUS
Caddigan Auctions	CAD
Calmels	CAL
Camden Auctioneers	CAM
Cameron Trading Post	CAMA
Campo	CAMP
Capes Dunn	CD
Carl Nordblom	NORD
Carl Stinson	STI
Castellana	CAS
Catherin Charbonneaux	CC
Chamberlin's Auction	CHAM
Charles Guarino	GUA
Charlton Hall	CHAR
Chaussin, Bremens & Guillamot	CBG
Cheffins, Grain & Comins	CGC
Chenu & Scrive	CS
Chicago Art Galleries Inc.	CHI
Christie's East, New York	CRE
Christie's, Amsterdam	CA
Christie's, Australia	CRA
Christie's, Glasgow	CG
Christie's, London	CRL
Christie's, Los Angeles	CRX
Christie's, New York	CR
Christie's, Rome	CRR
Christie's, South Kensington	CRS
Clark Cierlak	CIE
Claude Boisgirard	BOI
Clearing House Auction	CLH
Cleveland House Auction	CLE
Coeur d'Alene	CDA
Concord Auction Studio	CON
Cornette De St. Cyr	CSC
Couturier & Nicolay	COU
Crafoord	CRF
Cross Gate Galeries	CGG
Dan May Auction	MAY
Dargate Auction Galleries	DAR
David Dike	DD
David Lay	DL
Dawson Auctions	DAW
Deauville	DEA
Dee Atkins & Harrison	DEE
Delvaux	DEL
Demond Judd	DJ
Deutsch & Keil	DK
Deutscher-Menzies	DM
Dobiaschofsky	DOB
Don Treadway	TR
Dorling	DORL
Dorotheum	DOR
Douglas Auctioneers	DOU
Doyle	DOY
Dreweatt Neate	DN
Drouot Estimations	DRO
Duane Merrill Auction	MER
DuMouchelles Auctions	DU
Dumousset-Deburaux	DDB
Dunbar Sloan	DS
Dunning's Auction Service	DUN
Duran	DUR
Dusseldorfer Auktionshaus	DA
Empire Auctions	EA
Eldred's	ELD
Engstroms	ENG
Eric Pillon	EP
Ewolf's	EWO
Falkkloos	FAL
Farsetti	FAR
Feletin	FEL
Ferri	FER
Finarte,Milan	FIN
Foure-Lebrot & Bignon	FLB
Francis Briest	FB
Frank H. Boos Gallery	BOO
Frank Kaminski Co	KAM
Freeman Fine Art	FA
Galerie Bassenge	BAS
Galerie Du Rhone	RHO
Galerie Fischer	FIS
Galerie Glogger	GG
Galerie Koller	KOL
Galerie Kornfield	KORN
Galerie Stuker	ST
Garth's Auction Inc.	GAR
Gary Guyette	GUY
Gatsby Auctions	GAT
Gauthier	GAU
Germann	GER
Giles Haywood	GH
Gioffredo	GIO
Glerum	GLE
Goteborgs Auktionsverk	GOT
Goldberg Auction Galleries	GOL
Gomensoro	GO
Graves, Son & Pilcher	GSP
Grogan & Co.	GRO
Gross & Delettrez	GD
Gustave White	WHI
Guy Loudmer	GL
Habsburg Feldman	HAB
Hagelstam	HAG
Hall's	HAL
Hamptons	HAM
Hans Stahl	HS
Hans Widmer	HW
Hanzel Galleries	HAN
Harris Auction Galler	HARR
Harrogate	HG
Hart Galleries	HAR
Harvey Clar	HC
Hatelstam	HAT
Hauswedell & Nolte	HN
Hesse Auction Gallery	HES
Hamilton Osborne King	HOK
Hindman Galleries	HIND
Hoebanx	HOE
Horhammer	HRM
Hotel De Ventes Horta	HVH
Hotel Des Ventes Mosen	HDVM
Hotel De Ventes Vanderkindere	HDV
Howard Lowery Galler	LOW
Hudson River Museum	HRM
Hugo Ruef	HR
Illustration House	ILL
Ingo Schonpflug	ING
International Art Center	IAC
J.W. Paul Auction Co.	PAU
Jackson's Auction Gallery	JAC
James Adam	JA
James Bakker	JB
James Cox Gallery	COX
James D. Julia	JUL
James Gallery	JAM
James R. Bakker	BAK
James Thompson	JT
Jean Louis Picard	PIC
Jeffrey Burchard	BUR
William Jenack	JEN
John Moran	MOR
John Nicholson	JNI
John Ross & Co.	JR
Jonquet	JON
Kenneth Van Blarcom	VAN
Ketterer Kunst	KET
Keys	KEY
Klinger & Co.	KLI
Kohn	KOHN
Konig	KON
Kunstgalerij De Vuyst	KDV
Kunsthallen	KUN
Lahabana	LAH
Lane	LAN
Lauren Guilleux Buffetaud Tailleur	LGBT
Lawrences	LAW
Lempertz	LEM
Lenormand	LEN
Leonard Joel	LJ
Leslie Hindman Auctions	HIN
Libert Castor	LC
Lincoln Galleries	LIN
Litchfield Auction Gallery	LIT
Lombrail & Teucquam	LOM
Louis Morton	LM
Louisiana Auction Exch	LA
Lubin Galleries	LUB
Lyon & Turnbull	LT
Mallams	MAL
Mapes Auction	MAP
Martin & Chausselat	MC
Martino & Savignat	MAR
Matz & Pribell Auction	mat
Maynard	MAY
Mealy's	MEA
Meeting Art	MA
Mercier & Cier	MERC
Merlinot & Savignat	MS
Metropolitan Pavilion	MET
Michael Zeller	ZEL
Millon & Assoc.	MIL
Milton & Robert	MR
G. Moderne	MOD
Montgomery Gallery	MON
Morelle & Marchandet	MM
Morgan Evans	ME
Morphets	MP
Morris & Whiteside	MW
Museum Of NW Art	NWA
Museumsbyningen	MBG
Myers Auction	MYE
Mystic Fine Arts	MYS
Nadeau's Auction	NAD
Nader's Auctioneers	NADA
Dr. Fritz Nagel	FN
Naon & Cia	NAO
Neal Auction	NEA
Neales	NEL
Nelleman & Thomsen	NT
Neuilly St. James	NLY
Neumeister's	NEU
New Hampshire Book	NH
New Orleans Auction	NEW
Nordan	NODN
Northeast Auction	NOR
Nutmeg Auction	NUT
O'Gallerie Auctioneers	OGA
Oliver's Auction	OLI
Pacific Book Auction	PAC
Palais De Beaux Arts	PAL
Pandolfini	PAN
Paterson's	PAT
Peace,UK	PEA
Pennypacker-Andrews	PEN
Perot	PERO
Perrin	PER
Pescheteau	PES
Pescheteau-Badin Godeau & Leroy	PBGL
Peter Francis	PF
Peter Karbstein	KARB
Peter Webb	PW
Phillip Schuler	PS
Phillip's London	PHL
Phillip's New York	PH
Phillip's Oxford	PHO
Phillip's St. Louis	PHM
Piasa	PIA
Picard & Tajan	PT
Pinneys	PIN
Pomez & Boisseau	PB
Pook & Pook, Inc.	POO
Poster Auction	POS
Poulain & Le Fur	POU
Provincetown Art Association	PRO
Prunier	PRU
Rafael Osuna	OSO
Rasmussen	RAS
Remi Adler	REMI
Riba Auction	RIB
Ribeyere	RBR
Richard Bourne Co.	BOR
Richard Opfer	RO
Rieber Auktionhaus	RIE
Ritchie's	RIC
Robert Clinton	CLI
Robert Eldred Co.	ELD
Robert W. Skinner	SK
Robin & Fattori	RF
Rogeon	ROG
Rose Hill Auction	ROS
Rosebery Fine Art	RFA
Royal York Auction Gallery	ROY
Runfeldts	RUN
Russell, Baldwin & Bright	RBB
Rusterholtz	RUS
Saint Hippolyte	SH
San Rafael Auction	SR
Sanders & Mock Associates	SAN
Santa Fe Auction	SF
Schloss Alden	SCA
Schrager Auction Gallery	SCH
Selkirk Galleries	SEL
Semenzaro	SEM
Shannon's	SHA
Sharon Boccelli & Co.	BOC
Shute Auction	SHU
Siboni	SIB
Sloan, North Bethesda	SLN
Slotin Folk Art	SLT
Sothebys, Amersterdam	SAM
Sothebys, Melbourne	SME
Sothebys, Toronto	STO

Sotheby's Arcade	SPA
Sotheby's Billinghurst	SPS
Sotheby's London	SPL
Sotheby's Milan	SM
Sotheby's New York	SPB
South Bay	SB
Stalker Gallery	STA
Subastas Odalys	SUB
Superior Galleries	SUP
Susanins	SUS
Swann Galleries	SWA
Tajan	TAJ
Taylon	TAY
Taylor & Fletcher	TF
Temple Auction	TE
Tennants	TN
Thierry & Lannon	TL
Thomas Adams	TA
Thomas Love & Sons	TLS
Treadway Galleries	TRD
Treadway Toomey	TT
Van Ham	VH
RJ Venator & Hansten	VEN
Ventu Notarishuis	VN
Verbo	VRBO
Villa Grisebach	VG
Waddingtons	WAD
Waverly Auctions	WAV
Weidler	WED
Weiner	WEI
Weschler's	WES
Wiener Kunst Auktionen	WKA
William Doyle Galleries	DOY
Willows Gallery	WIL
Winter Assoc.	WIN
Wolf's Auction	WOL
Wright	WRI
Young Fine Arts	YNG
Yves De Cagny	YDC
Ziemann	ZIE

References Cited

Artists were selected from a variety of sources, including the following major art reference titles: Bermans, Cummings, Dawdy, Fieldings, Havlice, Hughes, Mallett, Moure, Samuels, and Who Was Who. A more complete list, along with the abbreviations used in the data section, is cited in the bibliography in the back matter of this volume.

The size of the individual artist’s write-up in these reference books is noted in a range of “1-5”, as follows: (1) = 1-3 lines; (2) = 4-8 lines; (3) = 9-15 lines; (4) = 16-25 lines; (5) = 26 or more lines.

If an image of the artist is included in the reference work, this is noted in the data section by the initial (P), for “picture,” within the parentheses listing the size of the write-up, e.g. (3,P).

Signature Information

Signature data given in the book is as the artist actually signed the artwork. See also, in the back matter of this volume, a list of initials some artists used in signing their work.

Updating

The year in brackets at the end of most entries is intended to be the year that prices were updated for each artist. This has varied over the years from the “auction year” to the calendar year. If there is no year given in brackets, then two possible explanations exist. Either the last updating would have been prior to 1988, as that was the year the dating in brackets was first used, or in the case of artists recently added, a thorough search of auction records has not yet been made. We have therefore refrained from sealing the entry with a date, as that would lend inappropriate authority to the price range.

Comments

General and specific comments regarding the artist, the school with which he or she was associated, where or with whom he studied, relatives who were also artists, etc., are noted to help the reader more fully understand the artist’s work.

For Help or Further Information

Please feel free to call our offices for assistance or with your kind suggestions. Our Internet site at www.gordonsart.com is newly designed and brimming with updated information, including how to access our databases. You may send us e-mail at info@gordonsart.com, or speak to us in person at 1-602-253-6948. Our fax number is 1-602-253-2104 and our order line is 1-800-892-4622. We would be happy to spend as much time as you need to help you use this book and the Gordon’s website as efficiently and profitably as possible.

Sample Entry Explained

Hansen Armin Carl N.A. • 1886-1957 • Monterey, CA • Genre, Portraits, Desert, Europe, Boats, Fishermen, Marines, Coast $63,000 26x38 to $423,750 36x48 • $7475 med 12 X 18 WC •UK 99• SPB 11/28/01, CR 10/16/87, 1/12/95, 5/17/95, BF 2087, CRL 5/18/90, 7/20/90, Rotterdam 3/24/92, • Armin C. Hansen’16 • Mallett(1), Fleischer(5,P) • Impressionist, Painter, Etcher, Son & Pupil of Herman W, Plein Air Painter, Lived in Europe • [2002]

Hansen Armin Carl Artist’s last name, first name

N.A. National Academician or Full Member of the National Academy of Design

1886-1957 Life span dates

Monterey, CA Nationality/birthplace/locale

Genre, Portraits, Fishermen, Marines Subject matter for which artist is known

$63,000 26x38 to $423,750 36x48 Representative prices for oils, in inches

$7475 med 12 X 18 WC Median price for watercolor, in inches

UK 99• SPB 11/28/01, CR 10/16/87 Auction house or place, dates of sales

Mallett(1), Fleischer(5,P) Reference books, size of write-ups, artist picture

Armin C. Hansen’16, A.C. Hansen Signature information

Impressionist, Painter, Son & Pupil Comments, including schools, teachers,

of Herman W , Lived in Europe artist relatives, common media, etc.

[2002] Date of latest update

A Further Explanation of Each Category Above is Found in the

How To Use the Book Section.

The example above is a composite of several entries.